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All Words Glossary Glossary of Linguistics Terms beginning with letter S Browse the Linguistics Glossary A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z  sadhe noun  The eighteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet, ×¥ צ.       samekh noun  The fifteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet, ס.       schema noun (pl=schemata, pl2=schemas) an outline or image universally applicable to a general conception, under which it is likely to be presented to the mind. (computing) A formal description of the structure of a database: the names of the tables, the names of the columns of each table, and the type and other attributes of each column. (And similarly for the descriptive information of other database-like structures, such as XML files.)       SE abbreviation  southeast initialism  Second Edition Special Edition       semanteme noun  (linguistics) an indivisble unit of meaning       semantic adjective  Of or relating to semantics or the meanings of words.       semantics noun  (linguistics) The science of the meaning of words. Semantics is part of linguistics. The study of the relationship between words and their meanings. The individual meanings of words, as opposed to the overall meaning of a passage. You're arguing and completely ignoring my point.       semiology noun  The study of meaning.       semiotic adjective  of or relating to semiotics or to semantics       semiotics noun  The study of signs and symbols, especially as means of language or communication.       shift noun  (historical) a type of women's undergarment, a slip Just last week she bought a new at the market. a change of workers, now specifically a set group of workers or period of working time We'll work three shifts a day till the job's done. an act of shifting; a slight movement or change There was a in the political atmosphere. the gear mechanism in a motor vehicle Does it come with a stick-? a button on a keyboard, chiefly for switching between upper and lower case If you press -P, the preview display will change. verb  (transitive) To change, swap His political stance shifted daily. (transitive) to move from one place to another; to redistribute We'll have to these boxes to the downtown office. (intransitive) to change position She shifted slightly in her seat. (intransitive) To change gears (in a car). I crested the hill and shifted into fifth. (context, transitive, computing) to remove the first value from an array. (transitive) to dispose of How can I a grass stain? (intransitive) to hurry If you , you might make the 2:19. (Ireland, crude slang) to engage in sexual petting.       sign noun  (sometimes also used uncountably) A visible indication. Their angry expressions were a clear they didn't want to talk. Those clouds show signs of raining soon. Those clouds show little of raining soon. A clearly visible object, generally flat, bearing a short message in words or pictures. The in the window said "for rent". A traffic sign. I missed the at the corner so I took the wrong turn. A meaningful gesture. I gave them a thumbs-up . Any of several specialized non-alphabetic symbols. The sharp indicates that the pitch of the note is raised a half step. An astrological sign. Your is Taurus? That's no surprise. (mathematics) Positive or negative polarity. I got the magnitude right, but the was wrong. A linguistic unit in sign language equivalent to word in spoken languages. What's the for "computer"? (uncountable) sign language in general Sorry, I don't know very well. An omen. "It's a of the end of the world," the doom prophet said. verb  (transitive) To write one's signature on (a document), thus showing authorship. I forgot to sign that letter to my aunt. (transitive) To give legal consent by writing one's signature. I'm not signing anything without my lawyer present. (transitive) To persuade to sign a contract. It was a great month. I managed to sign three major players. (intransitive) To write one's signature somewhere. Please sign on the dotted line. (intransitive) (colloquial) To give autographs. I'm sorry, I don't sign. (intransitive) To communicate using sign language. I'm learning to sign so I can talk to my new neighbor.       signer noun  One who signs something. John Hancock is a famous of the Declaration of Independence. One who uses sign language. verb  To sign (put a signature on) To sign (communicate using sign language)       signified verb  (past of, signify)       sign language noun  (countable) One of several natural languages, typically used by the deaf, where the words and phrases consist of hand shapes, motions, positions, and facial expressions. 2000: Wendy Sandler and Diane Lillo-Martin, in The Handbook of Linguistics (edited by Mark Aronoff and Janie Rees-Miller) :It is safe to say that the academic world is now convinced that sign languages are real languages in every sense of the term. (uncountable) The sign language (sense 1) that is used locally or that is mistakenly believed to be the only one. :I'm taking night classes to learn . (uncountable) Sign languages (sense 1) considered collectively. :There are some unique properties found in compared to spoken language. (context, countable or uncountable) communication, Communication through gestures used when speech is impossible, for example, between monks under a vow of silence or people speaking different languages. 1847: Francis Parkman, The Oregon Trail :Even Maxwell the trader, who has been most among them, is compelled to resort to the curious common to most of the prairie tribes.       sin noun  (theology) A violation of a moral or religious law; an error. A misdeed. verb (sin, n, ing) (theology) To commit a sin.       SL initialism  (linguistics) source language Sendero Luminoso (in gay personal ads) Straight-looking       slang noun  Language that is outside of conventional usage. Language that is unique to a particular profession or subject; jargon. The specialized language of a social group, sometimes used to make what is said unintelligible to those not members of the group; cant. verb  (context, transitive, dated) To vocally abuse, or shout at. 1888: Also, he had to keep his temper when he was slanged in the theatre porch by a policeman " Rudyard Kipling, "Miss Youghal's Sais", Plain Tales from the Hills (Folio Society 2007, p. 26)       slot noun  A broad, flat, wooden bar, a slat, especially as used to secure a door, window, etc. A metal bolt or wooden bar, especially as a crosspiece. (electrical) A channel opening in the stator or rotor of a rotating machine for ventilation and insertion of windings. verb (slots, slotting, slotted) (obsolete) To bolt or lock a door or window.       sociolect noun (sociolects) the variant of language used by a social group.       sociolinguistics noun (uncountable) The study of social and cultural effects on language       source language noun (plural source languages) (linguistics) The language from which a translation is done. (computing) The language of the source code to be compiled       speech noun (es, -) (uncountable) The faculty of speech; the ability to speak or to use vocalizations to communicate. It was hard to hear the sounds of his over the noise. (countable) A session of speaking; a long oral message given publicly usually by one person. The candidate made some ambitious promises in his campaign .       spell noun  words or a formula supposed to have magical powers; a magical incantation. he cast a to cure warts. a magical effect induced by an incantation or formula. under a a relatively short period of time of indeterminate length. We"re in the midst of a cold . He had a of bad luck. (cricket) an uninterrupted series of alternate overs bowled by a single bowler (horseracing) time off from competition verb (spells, spelling, spelled or spelt) to comprise a word, as the letters "a", "n" and "d" spell "and". to write or say the letters that form a word or part of a word. to mean, indicate or signify This spells trouble. to work in place of someone else; to relieve.       spelling noun  an arrangement of letters that form a word or part of a word. the process of forming words by putting letters together. the study of how words are spelled. verb  (present participle of, spell)       spoonerism noun  A phrase in which the initial (usually consonantal) sounds of two or more of the main words are accidentally transposed. The spoonerism "The queer old dean" (instead of "the dear old Queen") is attributed to Rev. Spooner.       standard noun  A level of quality or attainment. Something used as a measure for comparative evaluations. An object supported in an upright position. A musical work of established popularity. The flag or ensign carried by a cavalry unit. A rule or set of rules or requirements which are widely agreed upon or imposed by government. A bottle of wine containing 0.750 liters of fluid. One of the upright members that supports the horizontal axis of a transit or theodolite. adjective  Falling within an accepted range. ex, size, amount, power, quality, etc. (context, of a tree or shrub) Growing on an erect stem of full height. Having recognized excellence or authority. Of a usable or serviceable grade or quality.       starred verb  (past of, star); to be the headline performer in a play or movie.       stock noun  A store of goods ready for sale; inventory. We have a stock of televisions on hand. A supply of anything ready for use. Lay in a stock of wood for the winter season. Any of the several species of cruciferous flowers in the genus Matthiola. Farm animals (short form of livestock) (also rolling stock) Railroad cars. (finance) The capital raised by a company through the issue of shares. The total of shares held by an individual shareholder. The part of a rifle or shotgun that rests against the shooter's shoulder. (nautical) A bar going through an anchor, perpendicular to the flukes. The axle into which the rudder is attached (rudder stock); it transfers the movement of the helm to the rudder. (uncountable) Broth made from meat or vegetables, used as a basis for stew or soup. The type of paper used in printing. The books were printed on a heavier this year. A wide necktie popular in the eighteenth century, often seen today as a part of formal wear for horse riding competitions. verb  To have on hand for sale. The store stocks all kinds of dried vegetables. adjective  Normally available for purchase. stock items stock sizes Straightforward, plain, very basic That band is quite stock He gave me a stock answer       stratum noun (strat, a) One of several parallel horizontal layers of material arranged one on top of another (geology) A layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout Any of the regions of the atmosphere, such as the stratosphere, that occur as layers (biology) A layer of tissue A class of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status       structure noun  A cohesive whole built up of distinct parts. The birds had built an amazing out of sticks and various discarded items. The underlying shape of a solid. He studied the of her face. The overall form or organization of something. The of a sentence. The of the society was still a mystery. A set of rules defining behaviour. For some, the of school life was oppressive. (context, computing) Several pieces of data treated as a unit. This contains both date and timezone information. (context, fishing, uncountable) underwater, Underwater terrain or objects (such as a dead tree or a submerged car) that tend to attract fish There's lots of to be fished along the west shore of the lake; the impoundment submerged a town there when it was built. A body, such as a political party, with a cohesive purpose or outlook. The South African leader went off to consult with the structures. verb (structur, ing) (transitive) To give structure to; to arrange. I'm trying to my time better so I'm not always late. I've structured the deal to limit the amount of money we can lose.       subfamily noun (subfamil, ies) (taxonomy) A taxonomic category ranking between a family and a genus; formerly called a tribe       substance noun  Physical matter; material. The essential part of anything; the most vital part. Considerable wealth or resources. A man of . drugs abuse       substandard adjective  Of inferior quality, not meeting the minimum quality requirements. They built this with parts. No wonder it collapsed. category:English adjectives       substratum noun (plural substrata) A layer that lies underneath another (figuratively) The underlying cause or basis of something       sun letter noun  One of fourteen Arabic letters that cause the "L" of a preceding definite article to be assimilated. Actually, the sun letter suppresses the sound of the "L" and then geminates: al + sin = as-sin. The effect of the sun letter is limited to pronunciation and does not change the spelling: (ARchar, اÙ�صÙ�Ù�). The fourteen sun letters are: ::(ARchar, ت) , (ARchar, Ø«) , (ARchar, د) , (ARchar, Ø°) , (ARchar, ر) , (ARchar, ز) , (ARchar, س) , (ARchar, Ø´) , (ARchar, ص) , (ARchar, ض) , (ARchar, Ø·) , (ARchar, ظ) , (ARchar, Ù�) , (ARchar, Ù�) :The rest of the letters are moon letters, which do not affect the pronunciation of the definite article.       superordinate noun (Plural: superordinates) That which is superordinate. verb  To cause to be superordinate. adjective  Greater in degree, rank or position (logic)The relation of a universal proposition to a specific proposition of the same form with the universal quantified variable replaced by a specific instance.       surface noun  The up-side of a flat object such as a table. The outside hull of a tangible object. (math) (geometry) The locus of an equation (especially one with exactly two degree of freedom, degrees of freedom) in a more-than-two-dimensional space. verb (surfaces, surfacing, surfaced) (transitive) (transitive) To provide something with a surface. (transitive) To apply a surface to something. (intransitive) To rise to the surface. (intransitive) To come out of hiding. (intransitive) For information or facts to become known. (intransitive) To work a mine near the surface.       sutra noun  A rule or thesis in Sanskrit grammar or Hindu law or philosophy. (Buddhism) A scriptural narrative, especially a discourse of the Buddha.       syllabary noun (pl=syllabaries) (orthography) A table or list of syllabic letters or syllables (orthography) A writing system where each character represents a complete syllable       syllable noun  (linguistics) a unit of human speech that is interpreted by the listener as a single sound, although syllables usually consist of one or more vowel sounds, either alone or combined with the sound of one or more consonants. A word consists of one or more syllables. (grammar) the letters that represent a syllable       synchronic adjective  occuring at a specific point in time. (context, linguistics) relating to the study of a language at only one point in its history.       synchrony noun  synchronicity, the state of two or more events occuring at the same time.       syncretism noun  The reconciliation or fusion of different systems or beliefs (or the attempt at such fusion) (linguistics) The fusion of different inflexional forms       syntactic adjective  of, related to or connected with syntax The sentence "I saw he" contains a mistake. 2001, Martin Haspelmath, Language Typology and Language Universals: An International Handbook, page 674: : the rules specifying how agglutinative morphemes are combined with each other are more syntactic than morphological by their nature and thus are closer to rules specifying how word-forms are combined with each other.       syntagma noun  A syntactic string of words that forms a part of some larger syntactic unit; a construction. three Transylvanian peoples collectively known under the syntagm of Unio Trium Nationum A sequence of linguistic units in a syntagmatic relationship to one another.       synthetic noun  A synthetic compound. adjective  Of, or relating to synthesis. (chemistry) Produced by synthesis instead of being isolated from a natural source (but may be identical to a product so obtained). artificial, Artificial, not genuine. (grammar) Pertaining to the joining of bound morphemes in a word. Compare analytic.       Browse the Dictionary A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z  Find:   Words Starting With:   Words Ending With:   Words Containing:   Words That Match:    Translate Into:    Dutch   French   German    Italian   Spanish     Show 51015202550100250500 results per page.

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