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All Words Glossary Glossary of Chemistry Terms beginning with letter B Browse the Chemistry Glossary A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z  B noun  A personality type of someone who is relaxed and easygoing and able to engage in leisure activities without worrying about work. The quantity one billion (1,000,000,000), usually used to signify a sum of money, e.g. $2.8 B = $2,800,000,000. An academic grade, better than a C and worse than an A abbreviation  (cricket) the number of balls faced by a batsman       BA initialism  Bachelor of Arts British Airways Buenos Aires (overprint on British stamps) British Administration (usually followed by a place name).       baking soda noun  Common name for sodium bicarbonate.       balloon noun  An inflatable buoyant object, often (but not necessarily) round and flexible. Such an object as a child"s toy. Such an object designed to transport people through the air. (medicine) A sac inserted into part of the body for therapeutic reasons; such as angioplasty. A speech bubble. verb  (transitive) To increase or expand rapidly. His stomach ballooned from eating such a large meal. Prices will if we don't act quickly.       barium noun  a metallic chemical element (symbol Ba) with an atomic number of 56.       Bath proper noun  A city in England, famous for its bath, baths fed by a hot spring. (rare): Abbreviated name for the Arab Socialist Baath Party, a secular Arab nationalist political party present in several countries in the Mid-East, most prominently Iraq and Syria.       BE initialism  Bachelor of Engineering.       bead noun  (archaic) prayer, Prayer, later especially with a rosary. 1760: That he must believe in the Pope;"go to Mass;"cross himself;"tell his beads;"be a good Catholick, and that this, in all conscience, was enough to carry him to heaven. " Laurence Sterne, The Life & Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman (Penguin 2003, p. 115) Each in a string of small balls making up the rosary or paternoster. A small round object with a hole to allow it to be threaded on a cord or wire. A small drop of water or other liquid. beads of sweat verb  (intransitive) To form into a bead. The raindrops beaded on the car's waxed finish. (transitive) To apply beads to. She spent the morning beading the gown. (transitive) To form into a bead. He beaded some solder for the ends of the wire.       bed noun  A piece of furniture, usually flat and soft, to sleep on. A prepared spot to spend the night in, as in camping bed. A garden plot, as in "bed of roses". The bottom of a lake or other body of water, as in "sea bed". An area where a large number of oysters, mussels, or other sessile shellfish is found. A flat surface or layer on which something else is to be placed, as a "bed of lettuce". A deposit of ore, coal etc. A shaped piece of timber to hold a cask clear of a ship, ship"s floor. verb (bed, d, ed) To go to a sleeping bed. To put oneself to sleep. To settle, as machinery. To set in a soft matrix, as paving stones in sand, or tiles in cement. To set out plants in a garden bed. (Slang) To have sexual intercourse.       benzene noun  (organic compound) An aromatic hydrocarbon of formula C6H6 whose structure consists of a ring of alternate single and double bonds.       benzine noun (uncountable) benzene any flammable petroleum distillate used as a solvent or fuel       benzoate noun  (organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of benzoic acid.       benzofuran noun  (organic chemistry) Any of a class of bicyclic heterocycles consisting of a benzene ring fused with one of furan.       benzoic adjective  Pertaining to, or obtained from, benzoin. (organic chemistry) Derived from benzoic acid or its derivatives.       benzoin noun  A resinous substance, dry and brittle, obtained from the Styrax benzoin, a tree of Sumatra, Java, etc., having a fragrant odor, and slightly aromatic taste. It is used in the preparation of benzoic acid, in medicine, and as a perfume. (organic compound) A white crystalline substance, C14H12O2, obtained from benzoic aldehyde and some other sources. (botany) The spicebush, Lindera benzoin       benzol noun  (organic chemistry) An impure benzene, used in the arts as a solvent, and for various other purposes.       benzophenone noun  (context, organic chemistry, countable) Any of a class of aromatic ketones based on the parent compound diphenylketone (C6H5)2CO; used, amongst other things, as ingredients in sunblock. (context, organic compound, uncountable) The compound diphenylketone.       benzoyl noun  (organic chemistry) A compound radical, C6H5.CO; the base of benzoic acid, of the oil of bitter almonds, and of an extensive series of compounds.       benzyl noun  (organic chemistry) A compound radical, C6H5.CH2, related to toluene and benzoic acid; -- commonly used adjectivally.       berkelium noun  A transuranic chemical element (symbol Bk) with an atomic number of 97.       beryllium noun  (element) The chemical element with an atomic number of 4; a light metal with specialist industrial applications.       bicarbonate of soda noun  sodium bicarbonate       bichloride noun  (chemistry) A dichloride.       bimolecular adjective  (chemistry) (of a reaction) involving two molecules consisting of two layers of molecules       binary noun (plural binaries) (context, mathematics, computing) (uncountable) The base-2 number system, which uses only the digits 0 and 1. (computing) An executable computer file. (astronomy) A star system consisting of only two stars. adjective (not comparable) Being in a state of one of two mutually exclusive conditions, such as on or off, true or false, 6 or not 6, or the presence or absence of an electrical pulse. Binary states are often abstracted as 1 and 0 in computer science. Concerning logic whose subject matter concerns binary states. (context, arithmetic, computing) Concerning numbers and mathematical calculations using the binary number system. Having two equally important parts. binary star binary poison Related to something with two parts. A distribution is a statistical distribution with only two categories. (computing): Refers to data consisting of arbitrary values, as opposed to that which can be interpreted as plain or ASCII text. He downloaded the distribution for Linux, then burned it to DVD.       binder noun  Someone who binds, particularly someone who binds books; a bookbinder. A cover or holder for unbound papers, pages etc. Something that is used to bind things together, often referring to the mechanism that accomplishes this for a book. Adossier. (context, agriculture) A machine used in harvesting that ties cut stalks of grain into a bundle. (chemistry) A chemical that causes two other substances to form into one. A down payment on a piece of real property that secures the payor the right to purchase the property from the payee upon an agreement of terms. (Chiefly Minnesota) A rubber band.       biradical noun  (chemistry) any molecule having two independent radical centres       bismuthic adjective  (chemistry) Of, or containing bismuth in its higher valence.       bismuthine noun  (chemistry) any hydrocarbyl derivative of bismuthane       bismuthous adjective  (chemistry) Of, or containing bismuth in its lower valence.       bisulfide noun  disulfide       bisulfite noun  (inorganic chemistry) The univalent group -HSO3, or any salt containing it.       bittern noun  A bird of the family Ardeidae that lives in marshy areas, feeds on amphibians, reptiles, insects and fish and flies with its neck retracted rather than outstretched.       bitumen noun (bitumina, pl2=bitumens) Mineral pitch; a black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame; Jew's pitch, Jew"s pitch. It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of pavements, et cetera. By extension, any one of the natural hydrocarbons, including the hard, solid, brittle varieties called asphalt, the semisolid maltha and mineral tars, the oily petrolea, and even the light, volatile naphthas. <!-- Bitumen (Page: 149) Bi tu"men (?), n. L. bitumen: cf. F. bitume. Cf. Béton. 1. Mineral pitch; a black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame; Jew's pitch. It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of pavements, etc. See Asphalt. 150 2. By extension, any one of the natural hydrocarbons, including the hard, solid, brittle varieties called asphalt, the semisolid maltha and mineral tars, the oily petroleums, and even the light, volatile naphthas. -->       bituminous adjective  Of or pertaining to bitumen.       blacktop noun  asphalt concrete, Asphalt concrete, an asphalt-based paving material. Any bituminous black paving material (e.g., tarmacadam, tarmac) verb (blacktops, blacktopping, blacktopped, blacktopped) To pave with blacktop. The county first blacktopped that road decades ago adjective  Of or pertaining to blacktop or its uses. It's a blacktopped road in bad need of repair.       bleach noun (es, -) (uncountable) A chemical, such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide, or a preparation of such a chemical, used for disinfecting or whitening. (countable) A variety of bleach.       bleaching powder noun  a white powder, a mixture of calcium hypochlorite and calcium chloride, prepared by the action of chlorine on calcium hydroxide, used as a strong bleaching agent and disinfectant       bond noun  Evidence of a long-term debt, by which the bond issuer (the borrower) is obliged to pay interest when due, and repay the principal at maturity, as specified on the face of the bond certificate. The rights of the holder are specified in the bond indenture, which contains the legal terms and conditions under which the bond was issued. Bonds are available in two forms: registered bonds, and bearer bonds. A documentary obligation to pay a sum or to perform a contract; a debenture. Many say that government and corporate bonds are a good investment to balance against a portfolio consisting primarily of stocks. A physical connection which binds, a band; often plural. The prisoner was brought before the tribunal in iron bonds. An emotional link, connection or union. They had grown up as friends and neighbors, and not even vastly differing political views could break the of their friendship. (context, chemistry) A link or force between neighbouring atoms in a molecule. Organic chemistry primarily consists of the study of carbon bonds, in their many variations. A binding agreement, a covenant. Herbert resented his wife for subjecting him to the bonds of matrimony; he claimed they had gotten married while drunk. A sum of money paid as bail or surety. The bailiff released the prisoner as soon as the was posted. Any constraining or cementing force or material. A of superglue adhered the teacups to the ceiling, much to the consternation of the cafe owners. (context, construction) In building, a specific pattern of bricklaying. In Scotland, a mortgage. verb  (transitive) To connect, secure or tie with a bond; to bind. The gargantuan ape was bonded in iron chains and carted onto the stage. (transitive) To cause to adhere (one material with another). The children bonded their snapshots to the scrapbook pages with mucilage. (context, transitive, chemistry) To form a chemical compound with. Under unusual conditions, even gold can be made to bond with other elements. (transitive) To guarantee or secure a financial risk. The contractor was bonded with a local underwriter. To form a friendship or emotional connection. The men had bonded while serving together in Vietnam. (transitive) To put in a bonded warehouse. (context, transitive, construction) To lay bricks in a specific pattern. (context, transitive, electricity) To make a reliable electrical connection between two conductors (or any pieces of metal that may potentially become conductors). A house's distribution panel should always be bonded to the grounding rods via a panel bond.       boracic adjective  (inorganic chemistry) Of or relating to boron alias borax.       borane noun  (chemistry) any binary compound of boron and hydrogen       borate noun  A salt formed by the combination of boric acid with a base or positive radical.       borax noun  A white or gray/grey crystalline salt, with a slight alkaline taste, used as a flux, in soldering metals, making enamels, fixing colors/colours on porcelain, and as a soap etc (chemistry) the sodium salt of boric acid, Na2B4O7, either anhydrous or with 5 or 10 molecules of water of crystallisation; sodium tetraborate adjective  cheap or tawdry, referring to furniture or other works of industrial design Persian derivations       boric adjective  (chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or containing the element boron.       boric acid noun  (chemistry) H3BO3; B(OH)3; a white crystalline solid, soluble in hot water to form a weak acid. Used as a mild antiseptic, flame retardant, insecticide and in the manufacture of borax and other borate salts. (chemistry) A hydrate of boric oxide, specifically any of the three acids orthoboric acid, metaboric acid or pyroboric acid.       boric oxide noun  (chemical compound) A white solid, of empirical formula B2O3, that is an inorganic polymer, and in making glass, enamel and for synthesizing other boron compounds.       boride noun  (chemistry) the B3&minus; anion (chemistry) any binary compound of boron and a more electropositive element       borohydride noun  (chemistry) an anion, BH4-, and any corresponding salt such as sodium borohydride; a very strong reducing agent       boron noun  The chemical element (symbol B) with an atomic number of 5; a metalloid       boron carbide noun  (inorganic compound) A binary compound of boron and carbon, B4C, that is a very hard ceramic, and is used in tank armour, bulletproof vests etc.       boron nitride noun  (chemical compound) A binary compound of boron and nitrogen, of empirical formula BN; exists in forms analagous to the allotropes of carbon, many of which are inorganic polymers.       boron oxide noun  (chemical compound) The compound boron trioxide.       borosilicate noun  (chemical compound) Any of various minerals whose structure is formally that of a dual salt of boric acid, boric and silicic acids.       bottom noun  The lowest part from the uppermost part, in either of these senses: The part furthest in the direction toward which an unsupported object would fall. The part seen, or intended to be seen, nearest the edge of the visual field normally occupied by the lowest visible objects, as "footers appear at the bottoms of pages". (euphemism) The buttocks or anus. (baseball) The second half of an inning, the home team's turn to bat. A submissive in a BDSM relationship or roleplay. (gay sexual slang) A gay man who likes take a passive sexual role rather than an active role (e.g. to be penetrated in anal sex rather than to penetrate). (nautical) a cargo vessel, a ship. certain parts of a vessel, particularly the cargo hold or the portion of the ship that is always underwater. verb  To fall to the lowest point. John J. Murphy, Intermarket Analysis: Profiting from Global Market Relationships (2004) p. 119: :The Dow Jones Industrial Average bottomed on September 24, 2001. The CRB Index bottomed on October 24. To be the source of support or authority for something. United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Commercial and Administrative Law, Executive Orders and Presidential Directives, (2001) p.59. :Moreover, the Supreme Court has held that the President must obey outstanding executive orders, even when bottomed on the Constitution, until they are revoked. To be the submissive in a BDSM relationship or roleplay. adjective  The lowest or last place or position. ''Those files should go on the shelf.       BR initialism  Bed Room (roadway) Business Route       bridge noun  A construction or natural feature that spans a divide. The rope crosses the river. (anatomy) The upper bony ridge of the human nose. Rugby players often break the of their noses. (dentistry) A prosthesis replacing one or several adjacent tooth, teeth. The dentist pulled out the decayed tooth and put in a . (nautical) An elevated platform above the upper deck of a mechanically propelled ship from which it is navigated and from which all activities on deck can be seen and controlled by the captain, etc; smaller ships have a wheelhouse, and sailing ships were controlled from a quarterdeck. The first officer is on the . (music) The piece, on string instruments, that support the strings from the sounding board. (computing) A device which connects two or more computer bus, buses, typically in a transparent manner. This chip is the between the front-side bus and the I/O bus. (communication) A system which connects two or more LAN, local area networks at layer 2. The LAN uses a spanning tree algorithm. (music) A song contained within another song, often demarcated by meter, key, or melody. The lyrics in the song's inverted its meaning. (chemistry) A valence bond, atom or chain of atoms that connects two different parts of a molecule; the atoms so connected being bridgeheads. (electronics) An unintended solder connection between two or more components or pins. (electronics) Any of several electrical devices that measure characteristics such as impedance and inductance by balancing different parts of a circuit (billiards, snooker, pool) A particular form of one hand placed on the table to support the cue when making a shot in cue sports. verb (bridg, ing) To be or make a bridge over something. With enough cable, we can this gorge. (idiomatic) To span as if with a bridge. The two groups were able to their differences.       brine noun  salt water; water saturated or strongly impregnated with salt; a salt and water solution for pickling Do you want a can of tuna in oil or in brine? the sea or ocean; the water of the sea verb (brin, ing) (transitive) To preserve food in a salt solution.       bromate noun  (chemistry) any salt of bromic acid       bromic adjective  (chemistry) of, or relating to bromine or its compounds, especially those in which it has a valency of five       bromic acid noun  (inorganic compound) A corrosive colourless liquid, HBrO?3; it is a powerful oxidizing agent, and is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and some dyes; it reacts with bases to form bromates.       bromine noun  a nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Br) with an atomic number of 35; one of the halogens       brucine noun  (organic compound) An alkaloid, related to strychnine, found in nux vomica.       bubbler noun  Any device that creates a bubbling action. (context, US, _, Wisconsin and less commonly New England dialects) A drinking fountain. A device used for smoking marijuana; normally called a bong.       buckminsterfullerene noun (wikipedia, fullerene) an allotrope of carbon having a hollow molecule consisting of 60 atoms arranged in 12 pentagonal and 20 hexagonal faces to form a truncated icosahedron; the smallest of the fullerenes       buffer noun  Someone or something that buffs. (chemistry) A solution used to stabilize the pH (acidity) of a liquid. (computing) A portion of memory set aside to store data, often before it is sent to an external device or as it is received from an external device. (mechanical) Anything used to maintain slack or isolate different objects. (telecommunications) A routine or storage medium used to compensate for a difference in rate of flow of data, or time of occurrence of events, when transferring data from one device to another. An isolating circuit, often an amplifier, used to minimize the influence of a driven circuit on the driving circuit. In international relations, a buffer zone (such as a demilitarized zone) or a buffer state. verb (buffer) To use a buffer or buffers; to isolate or minimize the effects of one thing on another. (computing) To store data in memory temporarily.       Bunsen burner noun  a small laboratory gas burner whose air supply may be controlled with an adjustable hole       burette noun  (context, chemistry) A glass tube with fine gradations and a stopcock at the bottom, used in laboratory procedures for accurate fluid dispensing and titration       burn noun  A physical injury caused by heat or caustic chemicals. She had second-degree burns from falling in the bonfire. The act of burning something. They"re doing a controlled of the fields. Physical sensation in the muscles following strenuous exercise, caused by build-up of lactic acid. One and, two and, keep moving; feel the ! (slang) An intense non-physical sting, as left by an effective insult verb (burns, burning, burnt or burned) (intransitive) To be consumed by fire, or at least in flames. He watched the house . (intransitive) To feel hot, e.g. due to embarrassment. Her cheeks burned with shame. (context, intransitive, curling) To accidentally touch a moving stone. (transitive) (ergative) To cause to be consumed by fire. He burned his manuscript in the fireplace. (transitive) To injure (a person or animal) with heat or caustic chemicals. She burned the child with an iron, and was put in jail for ten years. (context, transitive, slang) To betray. The informant burned him. (context, transitive, computing) To write data to a permanent storage medium like a compact disc or a ROM chip. We'll this program onto an E-PROM one hour before the demo begins. (transitive) To waste (time). We have an hour to . (context, transitive, slang) To insult badly, leaving no possible comeback. I just burned you again. (context, transitive, cards) In pontoon, to swap a pair of cards for another pair.       butane noun  (organic compound) A hydrocarbon (either of the two isomers of C4H10 n-butane, and 2-methyl-propane) found in natural gas. (organic compound) The n-butane isomer only.       butanone noun  (organic compound) A simple aliphatic ketone, CH3CH2COCH3, prepared industrially as a solvent, for use in the manufacture of paints etc.       butene noun  Any of several forms of butylene.       butter of arsenic noun  (context, obsolete, chemical compound) The compound arsenic trichloride.       butyl noun  (organic compound) A compound radical, regarded as butane, less one atom of hydrogen.       butyric acid noun  (organic compound) Either of the two isomeric carboxylic acids, normal butyric acid and isobutyric acid, with the chemical formula C3H7COOH, occurring in animal milk fat. (fatty acid) Normal butyric acid, n-butyric acid, or n-butanoic acid CH3(CH2)2COOH, a short chain fatty acid; its glyceride is one of the principle components of the flavour of butter.       Browse the Dictionary A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z  Find:   Words Starting With:   Words Ending With:   Words Containing:   Words That Match:    Translate Into:    Dutch   French   German    Italian   Spanish     Show 51015202550100250500 results per page.

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