| macromolecule |
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noun - (chemistry),(biochemistry) a very large molecule, especially used in reference to large biological polymers (e.g. nucleic acids and proteins).
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| Magenta |
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proper noun
- a town in Northern Italy, site of the w:Battle of Magenta, Battle of Magenta after which the color magenta was named.
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| magnesium |
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noun
- A light, flammable, silvery metal, and a chemical element (symbol Mg) with an atomic number of 12.
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| magnesium light |
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noun
- a magnesium lamp
- the intense light from such a lamp
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| maleate |
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noun - any salt or ester of maleic acid
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| maleic acid |
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noun (or cis-butenedioic acid)
- (chemistry) an unsaturated organic dicarboxylic acid, HOOCCH=CHCOOH, the geometric isomer of fumaric acid; it is found in unripe fruit, and is used industrially in the production of polyester resins
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| malic |
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adjective
- Pertaining to apples.
(seeCites)
category:Fruits
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| maltha |
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noun
- thick mineral pitch
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| maltol |
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noun - (chemistry) a substituted pyranone found in the bark and needles of some conifers and in roasted malt
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| maltose |
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noun
- (carbohydrate) A disaccharide, C12H22O11 formed from the digestion of starch by amylase; is converted to glucose by maltase.
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| manganese |
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noun
- a metallic chemical element (symbol Mn) with an atomic number of 25.
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| manganic |
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adjective
- (chemistry) Containing manganese in its higher oxidation states.
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| manganite |
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noun - (geology) a dark gray mineral of manganese, MnO?(OH), found throughout North America and Europe
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| manganous |
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adjective - (chemistry) Containing manganese in its +2 oxidation state.
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| mannitol |
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noun - (chemistry) a polyhydroxy alcohol, an isomer of sorbitol, used as an artificial sweetener
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| mantle |
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noun
- a piece of clothing somewhat like an open robe or cloak, especially that worn by Orthodox bishops
- (figuratively) anything that covers or conceals something else
- the zone of hot gases around a flame; the gauzy incandescent covering of a gas lamp
- (anatomy) the cerebral cortex
- (geology) the layer between the Earth's core and crust
- (zoology) the body wall of a mollusc/mollusk
- An alternative spelling mantel
(wikipedia, mantle (geology))
(wikipedia, mantle (mollusc))
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| margaric acid |
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noun - (chemistry) A saturated fatty acid, CH3(CH2)15COOH (heptadecanoic acid), that (because it has an odd number of carbon atoms) does not occur in nature
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| massicot |
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noun - (chemistry) lead monoxide, PbO?, obtained as a yellow amorphous powder, the fused and crystalline form of which is called litharge; lead ocher. It is used as a pigment; also, lead oxide yellow, as opposed to red lead, which is lead tetroxide Pb3O4.
- Note Massicot is sometimes used by painters, and also as a drier in the composition of ointments and plasters.
- Quotations
- 1952: Besides orpiment, already referred to, one occasionally gets mention of , a yellow lead paint. — L.F. Salzman, Building in England, p. 169.
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| mechanochemistry |
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noun - (chemistry) The reaction of substances, in the absence of a solvent, effected by grinding solid reactants
- (chemistry) The direct manipulation of individual molecules using an atomic force microscope
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| melamine |
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noun - (chemistry) a strong aromatic heterocyclic base, tri-amino-triazine, used, in combination with formaldehyde to manufacture melamine resins such as Formica™
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| mercaptan |
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noun - (chemistry) A class of organic compounds of sulphur, ( R1.S.R2 ); they tend to be foul-smelling. When R2 is a Hydrogen atom, they are termed thiols or thio-alcohols.
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| mercaptide |
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noun - (obsolete),(chemistry) thiolate
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| mercurial |
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noun
- A chemical containing mercury.
adjective
- Relating to the Roman god Mercury.
- Relating to the planet Mercury.
- Having characteristics of the Roman god Mercury, such as speed.
- contain, Containing the element mercury.
- volatile, Volatile.
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| mercuric |
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adjective - (chemistry) Pertaining to or derived from mercury.
- (chemistry) Of a compound, containing mercury with an oxidation number of 2.
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| mercurous |
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adjective - (chemistry) Pertaining to or derived from mercury.
- (chemistry) Of a compound, containing mercury with an oxidation number of 1.
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| Mercury |
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proper noun
- The Roman god associated with speed, sometimes used as a messenger. He wore winged sandals. Mercury corresponded to the Greek god Hermes.
- The planet in the solar system with the closest orbit to the Sun, named after the god; represented by �.
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| metallocene |
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noun - (chemistry) any of a class of organic compound containing two cyclopentadienyl anions and a transition metal whose bonding involves overlap of ns and np orbitals of the metal with molecular orbitals of appropriate symmetry of each cyclopentadienyl ring; the rings are either parallel to each other, or sometimes canted
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| metaphosphate |
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noun
- (chemistry) any salt or ester of metaphosphoric acid
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| metaphosphoric acid |
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noun - (chemistry) an anhydrous form of phosphoric acid that exists as a polymeric glassy solid, (HPO3)n; used as a drying agent and in dental cement
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| metathesis |
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noun (metatheses)
- the transposition of letters, syllables or sounds within a word, such as in ask as /í¦ks/
- (chemistry) the double decomposition of inorganic salts
- (chemistry) the breaking and reforming of double bonds in olefins in which substituent groups are swapped
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| methacrylate |
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noun
- (organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of methacrylic acid, especially an ester used in the manufacture of resins and plastics.
- A resin manufactured from methacrylic acid or a methacrylate.
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| methacrylic acid |
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noun
- (organic compound) A colourless liquid, an unsaturated organic acid, used in the manufacture of resins and plastics, it has the chemical formula CH2:C(CH3)COOH
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| methane |
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noun
- (context, organic compound, uncountable) The simplest aliphatic hydrocarbon, CH4, being a constituent of natural gas.
- (context, organic chemistry, countable) Any of very many derivatives of methane.
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| methanol |
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noun
- (organic compound) The simplest aliphatic alcohol, CH3OH; a colourless, toxic, inflammable liquid, used as a solvent, antifreeze, in the chemical industry, and in the preparation of methylated spirit.
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| methenamine |
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noun
- an alternative name of hexamine
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| methoxide |
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noun - (chemistry) the anion CH3O− derived from methanol by the loss of a proton
- (chemistry) any salt of this anion
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| methyl |
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noun
- (organic compound) The univalent hydrocarbon radical, CH3, formally derived from methane by the loss of a proton
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| methylamine |
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noun
- (organic compound) The simplest aliphatic amine, CH3NH2, a toxic gas, having many industrial applications.
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| methylated spirits |
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noun
- alternative name for methylated spirit
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| methylation |
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noun
- (chemistry) the addition of a methyl group to a molecule
- (genetics) the addition of a methyl group to cytosine and adenine residues in DNA that leads to the epigenetic modification of DNA and the reduction of gene expression and protein production
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| methylene |
|
noun
- (organic chemistry) The divalent radical CH2< in which the free valencies are part of single bonds.
- (organic chemistry) The same group, present as a repeating unit, in aliphatic compounds with names such as hexamethylenediamine.
- (organic chemistry) The unstable carbene CH2:
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| micelle |
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noun
- a colloidal aggregate, in a simple geometric form, of a specific number of amphipathic molecules which forms at a well-defined concentration, called the critical micelle concentration
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| microgram |
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noun
- A unit of mass equal to 0.000 001 grams and with symbol µg/μg.
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| micron |
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noun
- (physics) A measure of length; the thousandth part of one millimeter; the millionth part of a meter.
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| microprobe |
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noun - (chemistry) an instrument used to determine the chemical composition at a point on a solid surface, such as that of a mineral; analyzes the X-rays emitted when a beam of electrons are focused on the sample
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| molal |
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adjective - (chemistry) Of or designating a solution that contains one mole of solute per 1000g of solvent
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| molality |
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noun (molalities)
- (chemistry) the concentration of a substance in solution, expressed as the number moles of solute per kilogram of solvent
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| molar |
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noun
- a back tooth having a broad surface used for grinding one's food.
adjective
- of, or relating to the molar teeth, or to grinding
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| molarity |
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noun (molarities)
- (chemistry) the concentration of a substance in solution, expressed as the number moles of solute per litre of solution
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| mole |
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noun
- A pigmented spot on the skin, a naevus.
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| molecularity |
|
noun (molecularities, -)
- (uncountable) The state of being molecular
- (chemistry) (of a reaction) The number or molecules that react directly with one another
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| molecule |
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noun
- in chemistry, the smallest particle of a specific element or compound that retains the chemical properties of that element or compound; a group of atoms held together by chemical bonds
- a tiny amount
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| molybdate |
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noun - (chemistry) the anion MoO?42−
- (chemistry) any salt of molybdic acid
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| molybdenum |
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noun
- a metallic chemical element (symbol Mo) with an atomic number of 42.
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| monad |
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noun - An ultimate atom, or simple, unextended point; something ultimate and indivisible.
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| monatomic |
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adjective - (chemistry) Of an element, consisting of a single atom in the molecule; for example: the noble gases. Note: strictly speaking, a molecule has at least two atoms.
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| monoatomic |
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adjective
- alternative spelling of monatomic
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| monobasic |
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adjective - (chemistry) (of an acid) containing one replaceable hydrogen atom
- (chemistry) (of a salt) having one atom of a univalent metal
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| monochloride |
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noun - (chemistry) any chloride containing a single chlorine atom in each molecule
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| monocyclic |
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adjective - Having a single cycle of development or activity.
- (chemistry) Having a single ring of atoms in the molecule; such as benzene or cyclopropane.
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| monoglyceride |
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noun - (chemistry) a lipid, an ester of glycerol and one fatty acid (in the 1- or 2- positions)
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| monomer |
|
noun
- (chemistry) A relatively small molecule which can be covalently bonded to other monomers to form a polymer.
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| monophosphate |
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noun - (chemistry) any compound containing a single phosphate unit
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| monoprotic |
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adjective - (chemistry) Having a single hydrogen atom; monobasic
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| monosaccharide |
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noun
- (carbohydrate) A simple sugar such as glucose, fructose or deoxyribose that has a single ring.
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| monosodium |
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noun - (chemistry) (in combination) one atom of sodium in a compound
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| monoxide |
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noun
- (chemistry) any oxide containing a single oxygen atom in each molecule
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| muriate |
|
adjective
- (context, obsolete, chemistry) chloride
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| muriatic acid |
|
noun
- (context, obsolete, chemical compound) hydrochloric acid
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| muscarine |
|
noun
- (biochemistry) An extremely poisonous alkaloid obtained from certain mushrooms.
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| mustard gas |
|
noun
- a vesicant gas, bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide, (ClC?2H4)2S, once used in chemical warfare; one of the sulfur mustard class of compounds
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| MV |
|
abbreviation
- motor vessel
- motor vehicle
- merchant vessel
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| myristic acid |
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noun - (chemistry) a saturated fatty acid, CH3(CH2)12COOH, tetradecanoic acid, found in both animal and vegetable oils and fats; used in the manufacture of soap, cosmetics etc.
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