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noun 
  1. (philosophy) The branch of philosophy which studies fundamental principles intended to describe or explain all that is, and which are not themselves explained by anything more fundamental; the study of first principles; the study of being insofar as it is being (ens in quantum ens).
Philosophers sometimes say that is the study of the ultimate furniture of the universe.
  1. (philosophy) The view or theory of a particular philosopher or school of thinkers concerning the first principles which describe or explain all that is.
The of Thomas Aquinas holds that all real beings have both essence and existence.
In Aristotelian physical objects have both form and matter.
In his Pensées, Pascal mentioned some first principles recognized within his : space, time, motion, and number.
  1. (context, by extension from the philosophical sense) Any fundamental principles or rules.
    • 1990, Lance Morrow, "http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,969082,00.html Gorbachev: The Unlikely Patron of Change," Time, 1 Jan,
    • :The of global power has changed. Markets are now more valuable than territory.
      1. The study of a supersensual realm or of phenomena which transcend the physical world.
      I have a collection of books on , covering astral projection, reincarnation, and communication with spirits.
      1. A displeasingly abstruse, complex written work on any subject.
      This political polemic strikes me as a protracted piece of overwrought, fog shrouded !
Etymology: From metaphysica < Byzantine Greek (polytonic, ) (metaphusika) < Ancient Greek (polytonic, ) (meta) "after" + (polytonic, ) (phusikos) "natural". The word derives from the title of the collection by Aristotle "á á " (after the natural things).


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