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Glossary of Phonetics Terms
beginning with letter R
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raise
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noun
  1. An increase in wages.
The boss gave me a .
  1. (weightlifting) A shoulder exercise in which the arms are elevated against resistance.
  2. (curling) A shot in which the delivered stone bumps another stone forward.
  3. (poker) A bet which raised the previous bet.
verb (rais, ing)
  1. To cause to rise.
Raise your hand if want to say something.
  1. To collect.
He raises a lot of money for charity.
  1. To be brought up; to mature
Chew with your mouth shut — were you raised in a barn?
  1. (poker) To respond to an initial bet by increasing the amount required to continue in the hand.
John bet, and Julie raised requiring John to put in more money.
  1. To create; to constitute (a use, or a beneficial interest in property).
There should be some consideration (i.e. payment or exchange) to raise a use.
recessive
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adjective
  1. Going back; receding.
  2. (genetics) Able to be covered up by a dominant trait.
reduce
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verb (reduces, reducing, reduced)
  1. (transitive) To bring down the size, quantity, value or intensity of something; to diminish, to lower, to impair.
    • to weight, speed, heat, expenses, price, personnel etc.
      1. (intransitive) To lose weight.
      2. (transitive) To bring to an inferior rank; to degrade, to demote.
    • to a sergeant to the ranks
    • An ancient but reduced family. --Sir W. Scott.
    • Nothing so excellent but a man may fasten upon something belonging to it, to it. --Tillotson.
    • Having reduced their foe to misery beneath their fears. --Milton.
    • Hester Prynne was shocked at the condition to which she found the clergyman reduced. --Hawthorne.
      1. (transitive) To humble; to conquer; to subdue; to capture.
    • to a province or a fort
      1. (transitive) To bring to an inferior state or condition.
    • to a city to ashes
      1. (context, transitive, cooking) To decrease the liquid content of food by boiling much of its water off.
      2. (context, transitive, chemistry) To add electrons to or remove hydrogen.
      3. (context, transitive, metallurgy) To produce metal from ore by removing nonmetallic elements in a smelter.
      4. (context, transitive, math) To simplify an equation or formula without changing its value.
resonant
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adjective
  1. resounding, Resounding, echoing.
From across the valley came the sound of a distant church bell.
retroflex
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adjective
  1. bent, Bent backwards
  2. (linguistics): Of pronunciation in which the tip of the tongue is raised.
rhotacism
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noun
  1. An exaggerated use of the sound of the letter R
  2. inability, Inability to pronounce the letter R
  3. (linguistics): A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R, such as Latin flos, flos becoming florem, florem in the accusative case.
rhotic
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adjective
  1. Of an English accent, pronouncing the letter r wherever it appears, as in bar ((IPA, /bÉ‘Ër/)) and bard or barred ((IPA, /bÉ‘Ërd/)); this trait is common in most of the United States; many parts of the north of England; Scotland; and India.
rough
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noun
  1. The unmowed part of a golf course.
  2. A crude person.
  3. (cricket) A scuffed and roughened area of the pitch, where the bowler's feet fall, used as a target by spin bowlers because of its unpredictable bounce.
verb
  1. To create in an approximate form.
Rough in the shape first, then polish the details.
  1. To physically assault someone in retribution for something specific.
The gangsters roughed him up a little.
adjective (rough, er)
  1. Having a texture that has much friction. Not smooth; uneven.
    • 2005, w:Plato, Plato, Sophist. Translation by Lesley Brown. w:Stephanus pagination, 229e.
    • : Teaching that's done by talking seems to have one path and another part which is smoother.
      1. approximate, Approximate.
      A rough estimate.
      1. turbulent, Turbulent.
      The sea was .
      1. difficult, Difficult; trying.
      Being a teenager these days can be .
      1. crude, Crude; unrefined
      His manners are a bit , but he means well.
      1. violent, Violent; not careful or subtle
      This box has been through some handling.
rounded
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verb
  1. past tense of "to round"
adjective
  1. Made into a circle or sphere.
  2. complete, Complete or balanced.
  1. (mathematics) Describing a number that has been changed to its nearest desired value.
  2. (botany) Ending in a broad arch.
    1. (linguistics, of a vowel) Pronounced with the lips rounded; see rounded vowel.
RP
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initialism
  1. Received Pronunciation
  2. rating pending
  3. roleplay (both verb and noun)
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