All Words Glossary

Glossary of Minerals Terms
beginning with letter S
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salt
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noun
  1. A common substance recognised chemically as sodium chloride (NaCl?), used extensively as a condiment and preservative.
  2. (chemistry) One of the compounds formed from the reaction of an acid with a base, where a positive ion replaces a hydrogen of the acid.
  3. A kind of marsh at the shore of a sea (short for salt marsh, apparently not in a wide-spread use).
  4. (slang) A sailor (also old salt).
  5. (cryptography) Additional bytes inserted into a plaintext message before encryption, in order to increase randomness and render brute force, brute-force decryption more difficult.
verb
  1. (transitive) To add salt to.
  2. (mining) To blast gold into (as a portion of a mine) in order to cause to appear to be a productive seam.
  3. (cryptography) To add filler bytes before encrypting, in order to make brute-force decryption more resource-intensive.
  4. To include colorful language in.
  5. To insert or inject something into an object to give it properties it would not naturally have.
adjective
  1. salty, Salty.
  2. saline, Saline.
sanidine
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) A variety of orthoclase feldspar found as tabular crystals embedded in volcanic rocks. It sometimes reflects a blue sheen along crystal planes. This phenomenon is called adularescence, and sanidine with this property is called moonstone.
  • Chemical composition: Potassium aluminum silicate, <math>KAlSi?_3O_8</math>
  • Physical properties:
    Moh's Hardness: 6.0
    Specific gravity: 2.6
    Color: white, flesh, yellow, pink
    Luster: glassy
    Fracture: conchoidal
    Habit: tabular. Well developed crystal faces are often highly reflective.
Sapphire
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proper noun
  1. given female name
scapolite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) Any of several mixed sodium and calcium aluminosilicates which also contain chloride, carbonate and sulfate and are found in metamorphic rocks
scheelite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) a mineral composed of calcium tungstate; an important tungsten ore
sclerometer
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noun
  1. A device used to measure the hardness of a material by applying pressure to a moving diamond stylus
selenite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) a soft, glassy form of gypsum (chemical formula CaSO?4·2H2O)
  2. (chemistry) the anion SeO?32&minus; derived from selenous acid; any salt or ester of senenous acid
Serpentine
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proper noun
  1. Name of the lake in Hyde Park, London.
siderite
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noun (siderites, -)
  1. (uncountable), (mineralogy) a widespread brown mineral, FeCO?3, having the structure of calcite
  2. (countable) an iron meteorite
silex
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noun
  1. finely ground relatively pure form of silicas used as a paint filler etc.
  2. Obsolescent: In Latin, ca 1590, use meaning "Flints" (hard rocks), as a Early Modern Era term for silica materials (earths).
silicate
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noun
  1. (chemistry) Any salt of silica or of one of the silicic acids; any mineral composed of silicates
siliceous
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adjective
  1. (chemistry) of, relating to, consisting of, or resembling silica
siliciferous
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adjective
  1. yielding or bearing silica
sillimanite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) a fibrous neosilicate mineral, polymorphic with andalusite and kyanite
skutterudite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) A mixed cobalt and nickel arsenide and sulfide mineral
smithsonite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) a mineral form of zinc carbonate, ZnCO?3, mined as an ore of zinc or as an ornamental stone
sodalite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) A mineral of alkaline igneous and plutonic rocks that are low in silica. Pink sodalite is sometimes called hackmanite. Sodalite and lazurite form the sodalite Group of silicate minerals.
    • Chemical composition: Sodium aluminum silicate with chlorine, <math>Na_4Al_3Si_3O_{12}Cl</math>
soda niter
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noun
  1. sodium nitrate
sorosilicate
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noun
  1. (chemistry) any silicate based on the dimeric anion Si2O76-
sphalerite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) A yellow, brown or black, sometimes red, green white or colorless mineral with cubic crystals, of a chemical formula (zinc, Zn,iron, Fe)sulfur, S.<ref name="Dana's new"/>
sphene
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) titanite
spinel
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) any of several hard, glassy minerals that are mixed oxides of magnesium and aluminium and are used as gemstones of various colours
stannite
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noun
  1. a dark-gray lustrous mineral, a mixed sulphide of copper, iron and tin, Cu2FeSnS?4, used as an ore of tin
stibnite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) A grey mineral, Sb2S3, that is the main ore of antimony; used in ancient times as the cosmetic kohl
stishovite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) A fine-grained mineral, SiO?2, that is a polymorphic form of quartz formed under very high pressure
streak
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noun (plural: streaks)
  1. An irregular line left from smearing or motion.
The picture I took out the car window had streaks.
  1. A continuous series of like events.
I hope I can keep up this of accomplishments.
  1. The color of the powder of a mineral. So called, because a simple field test for a mineral is to streak it against unglazed white porcelain.
  2. A moth of the family Geometridae Chesias legatella (see w:Streak (moth)).
  3. A tendency or characteristic, but not a dominant or pervasive one.
She's a quiet, bookish person, but she has a rebellious .
verb to streak (streaks, streaked, streaking) Intransitive:
  1. to have or obtain streaks;
If you clean a window in direct sunlight, it will streak.
  1. (slang) to run naked in public
It was a pleasant game until some guy went streaking across the field. Transitive:
  1. to create streaks
You will a window by cleaning it in direct sunlight.
stria
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noun (stri, ae)
  1. A stripe, usually one of a set of parallel stripes.
Strontian
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proper noun
  1. A small village in Scotland that gives its name to the element strontium and the mineral strontianite which was discovered there
strontianite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) A grey or yellowish mineral, SrCO?3, strontium carbonate, that is an ore of strontium
sylvite
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noun
  1. (mineralogy) a saline evaporite, consisting of potassium chloride, also found in fumaroles

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