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Glossary of Chemistry Terms beginning with letter T
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TA initialism transportation, Transportation authority, Authority teaching, Teaching assistant, Assistant territorial, Territorial army, Army tall oil noun A dark yellow resinous acidic oil obtained as a byproduct during the pulping of pine; it is used in the manufacture of soaps and lubricants tannic adjective Pertaining to, containing, or obtained from tannin. tannic acid noun (chemistry) any of various complex phenols extracted from the bark or galls of trees; used in tanning tannin noun (chemistry) tannic acid or any of its derivatives tantalate noun (chemistry) any salt of tantalic acid tantalic adjective (chemistry) Containing pentavalent tantalum. tantalic acid noun (chemistry) the hydrated form of tantalum oxide, Ta₂O₅ tantalous adjective (chemistry) Containing tantalum in a higher proportion than tantalic compounds. tantalum noun A metallic chemical element (symbol Ta) with an atomic number of 73. tar noun (wikipedia, tar, tar (viscous substance)) (uncountable) A black, oily, sticky, viscous substance, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons derived from organic materials such as wood, peat, or coal. coal tar, Coal tar. (uncountable) A solid residual byproduct of tobacco smoke. (context, slang, dated) A sailor, because of their tarpaulin clothes. Also Jack Tar. (computing) a program for archiving files, common on Unix (computing) a file produced by such a program verb To coat with tar. (computing) To create a tar archive. tare noun (rare) A vetch, or the seed of a vetch. (rare) A damaging weed growing in fields of grain (with reference to Matthew 13:25: "But while men slept, his enemy came and sowed tares among the wheat, and went his way." The King James Version (Authorized)) 1985, I saw as I thought an uncle and guardian who has led a sober, industrious and Christian life and finds himself obliged to look on the tares of folly in his own close kin. " John Fowles, A Maggot verb (tar, ing) To allow for the tare; to set a counter or meter to a valid zero (usually weight) value, discounting the weight of the empty container. tartar noun A red compound deposited during wine making; mostly potassium hydrogen tartrate - a source of cream of tartar. A hard yellow deposit on the teeth. tartaric acid noun a white crystalline acid that occurs naturally in many plants, and in wine; it is used as the salts cream of tartar and Rochelle salt (chemistry) a dihydroxy-dicarboxylic acid, 2,3 dihydroxy-succinic acid tartrate noun (chemistry) any salt or ester of tartaric acid tartrazine noun (chemistry) a lemon-yellow azo dye used as a food colouring taurine noun (biochemistry) An amino-sulfonic acid, NH₂CH₂CH₂SO₃H, that has regulatory functions in mammals. adjective Pertaining to a bull; bull-like. taurocholic adjective Pertaining to taurine and bile; only used in designation of taurocholic acid. tautomerism noun (chemistry) A form of isomerism in which a dynamic equilibrium between two isomers exists, such as that between an enol and a ketone. category:Organic chemistry TB initialism tuberculosis (baseball) The statistic reporting "Total Bases". A single is counted as one, a double as two, a triple as three, and a home run as four bases. TC initialism (internet) Topic Closed. Used in Internet forums to announce that a topic thread is locked, indicating that no further replies are allowed in that topic thread. (electronics) Time Counter. (electronics) thermocouple (internet messaging) Acronym for Take Care. TCA initialism tricyclic antidepressant tear gas noun Any lachrymatory non-lethal chemical compound that causes the eyes to sting and water and/or irritates the respiratory system, mostly used for controlling crowds during riots or as self-defence. technetium noun a metallic chemical element (symbol Tc) with an atomic number of 43. Teflon proper noun A registered trademark of DuPont? for its multiple film, resin, coatings, fabric and surface protectors made with PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)or fluoropolymer and surfactants not made with PTFE only authorized under license by DuPont? to its customers and licensees. adjective (of a politician) having an undamaged reputation. tel abbreviation telephone tellurate noun (chemistry) any salt of telluric acid telluric adjective Pertaining to the Earth. (chemistry) Containing tellurium in a lower valency than in tellurous compounds. telluric acid noun (chemistry) the hydrated form of tellurium oxide, H₆TeO?₆, with some use as a reagent telluride noun (wikipedia, Telluride (chemistry)) (chemistry) (countable) A compound of a metal with tellurium; metal salts of tellurane (chemistry) (countable) Any organic compound of general formula R₂Te (R not = H), the tellurium analogues of ethers (mineralogy) (uncountable) Another name for sylvanite. tellurium noun (uncountable) The chemical element with atomic number 52. Symbol: Te. tellurous adjective (chemistry) Containing tellurium in a higher valency than in telluric compounds. terpene noun (organic chemistry) A very large class of naturally occurring and synthetic organic compounds formally derived from the hydrocarbon isoprene; they include many volatile compounds used in perfume and food flavours, turpentine, the steroids, the carotene pigments and rubber. terpolymer noun a copolymer derived from three species of monomer tervalent adjective (chemistry) trivalent Test noun (cricket) (sometimes test) a Test match test paper noun a paper submitted to an examination by a student a small piece of paper impregnated with a chemical indicator for making qualitative tests tetrabasic adjective (chemistry) (of an acid) containing four replaceable hydrogen atoms (chemistry) (of a salt) having four atoms of a univalent metal tetracene noun (organic compound) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; the acene containg four fused rings. tetrachloride noun (chemistry) any chloride containing four chlorine atoms in each molecule tetrad noun A group of four things. Chemistry. A tetravalent atom or radical. Biology. Two pairs of sister chromatids (a dyad pair) aligned in a certain way and often on the equatorial plane during the meiosis process. tetrafluoride noun (chemistry) any chloride containing four fluorine atoms in each molecule tetrahydrofuran noun (chemistry) a heterocyclic ether having a five-membered ring with four carbon atoms and one carbon; it is a colourless liquid with an ether-like smell, and is used as a polar solvent tetravalent adjective (chemistry) having a valence of 4 tetroxide noun (chemistry) any oxide containing four oxygen atoms in each molecule Th abbreviation Thursday. (biblical) Book of Thessalonians. thallic adjective Pertaining to or containing the element thallium, especially with valence 3. Pertaining to a thallus. thallium noun a metallic chemical element (symbol Tl) with atomic number 81. thebaine noun (poison) A poisonous alkaloid, paramorphine, obtained from opium; not used in medicine. thermochemistry noun (context, chemistry, physics) The study of the thermodynamics of chemical reactions. thermoplastic noun a material with this property; a thermoplastic resin adjective softening when heated and hardening when cooled thermosetting adjective becoming permanently hard or solidifying when heated; used especially of synthetic plastics such as Bakelite thiazole noun (organic compound) Any of a class of unsaturated heterocyclic compounds containing a ring of three carbon atoms, a sulphur and an nitrogen atom; especially the simplest one, C₃H₃SN. thickener noun any substance added to something in order to thicken it; a thickening agent thin-layer chromatography noun (abbreviation TLC) (analytical chemistry) A form of chromatography in which the solid phase is silica gel or a similar inert material supported on a glass plate. thinner noun A liquid substance used to thin the consistency of another liquid. ''Turpentine or mineral spirits can be used as a for oil based paints. adjective (comparative of, thin, lang=English, POS=adjective) thioaldehyde noun (chemistry) any analogue of an aldehyde, or general formula RC(=S)H, in which the oxygen has been replaced by sulfur thiocyanate noun (chemistry) any salt or ester of thiocyanic acid; or the -SCN radical or the SCN^-1 anion thiocyanic acid noun (chemistry) a poisonous unstable liquid, HSCN; its salts and esters, the thiocyanates have a variety of uses thiol noun (chemistry) a univalent organic radical (-SH) containing a sulphur and a hydrogen atom; a compound containing such a radical thiophene noun thoophene (chemistry) Any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds containing a ring of four carbon atoms and an sulphur atom; especially the simplest one, C₄H₄S. thiophosphate noun (chemistry) Any compound formally derived from a phosphate by replacing one or more oxygen atoms with sulfur thiosulfate noun (chemistry) any salt or ester of thiosulfuric acid thiosulfuric acid noun (inorganic compound) An unstable acid, H₂S₂O₃, formally derived from sulfuric acid by the substitution of a sulfur atom for an oxygen one; it is known only in solution or as its salts and esters, the thiosulfates. thixotropy noun (Chemistry, Medicine) The property of some gels to become a fluid when agitated and return to being solid or semi-solid when allowed to stand. thorium noun a chemical element (symbol Th) with atomic number 90. TI initialism (italbrac, company) Texas instrument, Instruments. (electronics) time, Time interval, Interval. (italbrac, organization) w:Transparency International, Transparency International. (italbrac, company) w:Treasure Island Hotel and Casino, Treasure Island Hotel and Casino. tin noun (context, uncountable, element) A malleable, ductile, metallic element, resistant to corrosion, with atomic number 50 and symbol Sn. (context, British, countable) An airtight container, made of tin or another metal, used to preserve food. (countable) A metal pan used for baking, roasting, etc. muffin roasting verb (tin, n, ing) (transitive) To place into a tin in order to preserve. (transitive) To cover with tin. (transitive) To coat with solder in preparation for soldering. adjective Made of tin. titanate noun (chemistry) any salt (or ester) of titanic acid Titanic proper noun the Titanic (wikipedia, RMS Titanic) A cruise liner that sink, sank on its maiden voyage on April 14, 1912; now a cautionary tale about overconfidence. adjective Of, or relating to the Titans, a race in ancient mythology. titanic acid noun (chemistry) a weak acid, either of two hydrated forms of titanium dioxide, H₂TiO?₃ or H₄TiO?₄; used as a mordant titanium noun (Symbol: Ti) a chemical element, atomic number 22; it is a strong, corrosion-resistant transition metal, used to make light alloys for aircraft etc . titanium dioxide noun (chemistry) a brilliant white powder, TiO?₂, used as a pigment, and in sunblock, toothpaste and cosmetics titrant noun (analytical chemistry) The reagent of known concentration and volume used in titrations. titrate verb (titrat, es) (context, transitive, analytical chemistry) To ascertain the amount of a constituent in a solution (or other mixture) by measuring the volume of a known concentration (the "standard solution") needed to complete a reaction. 2005: He was obsessed with making LSD even purer than Sandoz, producing it first in powder form in gelatin capsules as well as light-blue liquid ("Mother's Milk") that was easily recognizable when titrated onto sugar cubes. " Martin Torgoff, Can't Find My Way Home (Simon & Schuster 2005, p. 122) TN abbreviation Tennessee, a state of the United States of America. initialism telephone number, Telephone number. TNT initialism Trinitrotoluene, an explosive substance used in blasting. (informal) dynamite, Dynamite, an explosive. transactinide noun (chemistry),(physics) any of the artificially produced elements having an atomic number greater than 103 adjective (chemistry),(physics) lying beyond actinium in the periodic table; having an atomic number greater than 103 tribromide noun (chemistry) any bromide containing three bromine atoms in each molecule trimolecular adjective (chemistry) (of a reaction) involving three molecules trinitrotoluene noun A highly explosive yellow crystaline substance (CH₃C₆H₂(NO₂)₃) trioxide noun (chemistry) any oxide containing three oxygen atoms in each molecule (chemistry) any organic compound of general formula R-OOO-R', derived from trioxidane triphosphate noun (chemistry) any salt or ester containing three phosphate groups (chemistry) any salt or ester of triphosphoric acid triphosphoric acid noun (chemistry) a condensation product of phosphoric acid, H₅P₃O₁₀, known from its salts and esters triple bond noun (chemistry) A covalent bond in which three electron pairs (instead of the usual one) are shared between two atoms; most common between carbon atoms and carbon or nitrogen atoms, but a few other forms are known. Symbolized in formulae as â‰¡. trisodium noun (chemistry) (in combination) three atoms of sodium in a compound tritium noun (isotope) A radioactive isotope of the element hydrogen, (symbol T or (nuclide, 3, 1, H)), having one proton and two neutrons triturate verb (triturates, triturating, triturated) to grind to a fine powder, to pulverize trituration noun the act of triturating; grinding to a fine powder something triturated, especially dental amalgam trivalent adjective (chemistry) having a valence of 3 trivial adjective Of little significance or value. common, Common, ordinary. Concerned with or involving trivia. (biology) Relating to or designating the name of a species; specific as opposed to generic. (mathematics) Of, relating to, or being the simplest possible case. (mathematics) self-evident, Self-evident. tropine noun a poisonous alkaloid obtained by the hydrolysis of atropine tsp abbreviation teaspoon tungstate noun (chemistry) any salt of tungstic acid tungsten noun a metallic chemical element (symbol W) with an atomic number of 74. The symbol is derived from the Latin word wolframium. tungstic adjective (chemistry) of or relating to tungsten (chemistry) containing hexavalent tungsten tungstic acid noun (chemistry) the solid hydrated form of tungsten oxide, H₂WO₄; used in textiles, and in yellow glazes turpentine noun (or turps) a volatile essential oil obtained from the wood of pine trees by steam distillation; it is a complex mixture of monoterpenes; it is used as a solvent and paint thinner

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