All Words Glossary

Glossary of Biochemistry Terms
beginning with letter T
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testosterone
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noun
  1. (steroid hormone) steroid, Steroid hormone produced primarily in the testes of the male; it is responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics in the male.
  2. (figuratively) Manly behavior, often of an aggressive or foolishly reckless nature.
Mother encouraged James to rely more on intelligence and less on to deal with the neighbor's son.
thiamine
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noun
  1. (vitamin) One of the constituents of vitamin B complex, found in meat, yeast and bran, that is necessary for the metabolism of carbohydrates.
threonine
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noun
  1. (amino acid) An essential amino acid C4H19NO3 found in most animal proteins.
thrombin
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noun
  1. (enzyme) An enzyme in blood that facilitates blood clotting by converting fibrogen to fibrin (by means of ionized calcium).
thymine
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noun
  1. (context, biochemistry, genetics) A base, C5H6N2O2, obtained by applying sulphuric acid to thymic acid; it pairs with adenine in DNA.
thymosin
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noun
  1. A polypeptide hormone, secreted by the thymus, that stimulates the development of T cells as part of the immune system
thyroxine
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noun
  1. (hormone) A hormone (an iodine derivative of tyrosine), produced by the thyroid gland, that regulates cell metabolism and growth.
tocopherol
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noun
  1. Any of several isomers of the principal component of vitamin E, each containing a chromanol ring and an isoprene side-chain.
transcriptase
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noun
  1. A polymerase that catalyzes the transcription of DNA to RNA.
transferrin
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noun
  1. (biochemistry) a glycoprotein, a beta globulin, in blood serum that combines with, and transports iron
transmitter
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noun
  1. something that transmits something (in all senses)
  2. an electronic device that generates and amplifies a carrier wave, modulates it with a meaningful signal derived from speech, music, TV or other sources, and broadcasts the resulting signal from an antenna
trypsin
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noun
  1. A digestive enzyme that cleaves peptide bonds (a serine protease).
category:Enzymes
tryptophan
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noun
  1. (amino acid) An essential amino acid having an indole side chain; it is present in many foods, especially chocolate, oats, bananas and milk; it is essential for normal growth and development and is the precursor of serotonin and niacin.
tyramine
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noun
  1. (chemistry) a phenolic amine, 4-hydroxy-phenethylamine, derived from the amino acid tyrosine, found in various foodstuffs and used as a sympathomimetic agent
tyrosinase
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noun
  1. An enzyme, similar to catechol oxidase, that catalyzes the production of phenolic pigments such as melanin.
tyrosine
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noun
  1. (amino acid) A nonessential amino acid C9H11NO3 found in most animal proteins, especially casein.

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