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Glossary of Anatomy Terms beginning with letter P
Browse the Anatomy Glossary A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
palatal adjective (phonetics) articulated at the hard palate (dentistry) Of an upper tooth, on the side facing the palate. palate noun (Anatomy) The roof of the mouth; the uraniscus. The sense of taste. pallium noun (pl=pallia, pl2=palliums) A woollen vestment conferred on archbishops by the Pope. (historic) A large cloak worn by Greek philosophers and teachers. (zoology) The mantle of a mollusc. (meteorology) A sheet of cloud covering the whole sky, especially nimbostratus. (anatomy) The cerebral cortex. papilla noun (papillae) (anatomy) A nipple-like anatomical structure. parathyroid noun (plural parathyroids) The parathyroid gland. A parathyroid hormone. adjective Situated near the thyroid gland. Pertaining to the parathyroid glands or their extracts. paries noun (parieties) The wall of any cavity in the body. parietal adjective Of or pertaining to the wall of a body part, organ or cavity. Of or pertaining to the parietal bones Hydrochloric acid is secreted by the parietal cells* of the gastric glands, located on the wall of the fundus of the stomach* parietal bone noun Either of two bones that together form the sides and top of the skull. parietal lobe noun (anatomy) One of the four major divisions of the cerebrum of the brain. pate noun (plural pates) The top of the head. He had a shiny, bald . patella noun (pl=patellae or patellas) The sesamoid bone of the knee; the kneecap. paunch noun The stomach or abdomen of a human or animal, especially a large, protruding one. paunchy adjective (paunchier, paunchiest) Having a paunch; having a prominent stomach; potbellied. He exercised every day to avoid becoming in his old age. pectoral noun (Armor) Protective armor for a horse's breast. Quotations 1786: The Poitrinal, Pectoral, or Breast Plate was formed of plates of metal rivetted together, which covered the breast and shoulders of the horse, it was commonly adorned with foliage, or other ornaments engraved or embossed. — Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 30. (Armor) A covering or protecting for the breast. (ecclesiastical) A breastplate, esp. that worn by the Jewish high person. (ecclesiastical) A clasp or a cross worn on the breast. A medicine for diseases of the chest organs, especially the lungs. adjective Of or pertaining to the breast, or chest; as, the pectoral muscles. Relating to, or good for, diseases of the chest or lungs; as, a pectoral remedy. (zoology) Having the breast conspicuously colored; as, the pectoral sandpiper. pedal noun A lever operated by one's foot that is used to control a machine or mechanism, such as a bicycle or piano verb (pedals, pedalling* (UK) or pedaling* {US), pedalled (UK) or pedaled {US)) To operate a pedal attached to a wheel in a continuous circular motion. To operate a bicycle. adjective Of or relating to the foot. pedate adjective having the characteristics of a foot (anatomy) having feet (botany) (of a leaf) having deeplu divided lobes Rhymes: Rhymes:English:-eÉªt, -eÉªt pelvic adjective Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the pelvis; as, pelvic cellulitis. pericardial adjective (cardiology) Of, or relating to the pericardium. surrounding, Surrounding or next to the heart. pericardium noun (pericardia) (context, anatomy, cardiology) A serous membrane that surrounds the heart allowing it to contract. perineum noun (perinea) (anatomy) The region between the genital area and the anus in both sexes peripheral noun (plural: peripherals) (computing) a device, such as a printer or scanner, connected to a computer adjective (comparative: more peripheral, superlative: most peripheral) on the periphery or boundary beside the point unimportant auxiliary periphery noun (peripheries) The outside boundary or surface of something. An administrative division of Greece. peritoneum noun (pl2=peritonea) (anatomy) In mammals, the serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and that is folded over the viscera. (zoology) In animals, the membrane lining the coelom cavity. peroneal adjective A type of nerve branching off the sciatic nerve, which supplies movement and sensation to the lower leg, foot and toes. petrous adjective Resembling rock or stone in its hardness Of the dense portion of the temporal bone that protects the inner ear. phalanges noun (plural of, phalanx) phallic adjective Having to do with the penis. The Washington Monument is widely considered a symbol. phallus noun (pl=phalli, pl2=phalluses) A penis, especially when erect. A representation of an erect penis symbolising fertility or potency. pharyngeal adjective Of or pertaining to the pharynx (phonetics) articulated with the pharynx pharynx noun (plural pharynges or pharynxes) (anatomy) The part of the alimentary canal that extends from the mouth and nasal cavities to the larynx, where it becomes continuous with the esophagus. philtrum noun (philtra) The shallow groove running down the center of the outer surface of the upper lip. phlebology noun (medicine) The study of veins and their diseases etc pineal noun (plural pineals) The pineal gland. adjective In the shape of a pine cone. Pertaining to the pineal gland. pineal gland noun (anatomy) A small, pinecone-shaped endocrine gland found near the centre of the brain that produces melatonin. pit noun A hole in the ground. A seed inside a fruit; a stone or pip (Eng.) inside a fruit. A shell in a drupe containing a seed. Area at the auto racetrack used for refueling and repairing the cars during a race (music) A section of the marching band containing mallet percussion instruments and other large percussion instruments too large to march, such as the tam tam. Also, the area on the sidelines where these instruments are placed. A mine verb (pit, t, ed) (transitive) To bring into opposition, as in "to pit one's wits against someone". (transitive) To make pits in. Exposure to acid rain pitted* the metal.* (transitive) To remove the stone from a stone fruit or the shell from a drupe. One must a peach to make it ready for a pie. (context, intransitive, motor racing) To return to the pits during a race for refuelling, tyre changes, repairs etc. pituitary noun (plural pituitaries) The pituitary gland. (medicine) An extract from the pituitary gland. adjective Of or relating to the pituitary gland. pituitary body noun The controlling gland of the endocrine system; located at the base of the brain. pituitary gland noun (anatomy) An endocrine gland, about the size of a pea, that sits in a small, bony cavity at the base of the brain whose secretions control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. pleural adjective of, relating to, or affecting the pleura, or the sides of the thoraxO plexus noun (plural or plexuses) A network or interwoven mass, especially (anatomy) of nerves, blood vessels, or lymphatic vessels. 1934: I have the sensation of being immersed in the very of life, focal from whatever place, position or attitude I take my stance. " Henry Miller, Tropic of Cancer pocket noun A bag stitched to an item of clothing, used for carrying small items. (context, sports, billiards, snooker, pool) A net or similar struture at each corner, and halfway along the edge, of a billiard table into which balls are to be struck. An enclosed volume of one substance surrounded by another. The drilling expedition discovered a pocket of natural gas. An area of land surrounded by a loop of a river (Australian English) (aussie-rules) The area of the field to the side of the goal posts (four pockets in total on the field, one to each side of the goals at each end of the ground). The pocket is only a roughly defined area, extending from the behind post, at an angle, to perhaps about 30 metres out. verb To put (something) into a pocket. (context, sports, billiards, snooker, pool) To cause a ball to go into one of the pockets of the table. (slang) To take and keep (especially money) that is not one's own. adjective (no (compar) or (superl)) Of a size suitable for putting into a pocket. pocket dictionary poll noun An election or a survey of a particular group. The student council had a to see what people want served in the cafeteria. The network hub polled* the department's computers to determine which ones could still respond.* a place voters cast ballots The polls* close at 8 p.m.* Hair 1883: w:Robert Louis Stevenson, Robert Louis Stevenson, w:Treasure Island, Treasure Island : ...the doctor, as if to hear better, had taken off his powdered wig, and sat there, looking very strange indeed with his own close-cropped black . verb (transitive) To solicit mock votes from (a person or group). pollex noun The first, or preaxial, digit of the fore limb, corresponding to the hallux in the hind limb; the thumb. In birds, the pollex is the joint which bears the bastard wing. polydactyl adjective variant spelling of polydactylous. popliteal adjective (anatomy) of the area behind the knee. posterior noun (euphemism) The buttocks. adjective Located behind, or towards the rear of an object. (anatomy) The caudal end of the body in quadrupeds, and the dorsal end in bipeds. (botany) Next to, or facing the main stem or axis. Following in order or in time. postnasal adjective of, pertaining to, or located near the posterior of the nasal cavity prepuce noun (anatomy) the foreskin, or retractable fold of tissue covering the tip of the penis 1922: Jehovah, collector of prepuces, is no more. " James Joyce, Ulysses 1985: But there are a fair number of halfway Jews " you know, those who want God without having to have their prepuces torn off to get him. " Anthony Burgess, Kingdom of the Wicked (anatomy) the corresponding part of the clitoris pronate verb (pronat, ing) (transitive) To turn or rotate one"s hand so that the palm faces down or back. (intransitive) To become pronated. (intransitive) To twist the foot so that if walking the weight would be borne on the inner edge of the foot. prostate noun (plural prostates) The prostate gland. adjective Of or relating to the prostate gland. prostate gland noun (anatomy) A gland in male mammals surrounding the urethra just below the urinary bladder that controls the release of urine from the bladder and produces a secretion that is the fluid part of semen. prostatic utricle noun (anatomy) a small pouch in the prostate opening that is homologous to the uterus protract verb To draw out; to extend, especially in duration. No one wanted Nicolettte at the discussion, as she would the debate long beyond any reasonable limit with her tedious and tangential arguments. To use a protractor. protractor noun a circular or semicircular tool for measuring angles proximal adjective Closest to point of attachment or observation pubes noun (slang) pubic hair (plural of, pubis) pubic adjective of, or relating to the area of the body adjacent to the pubis or the pubes pubic symphysis noun (anatomy) A cartilaginous joint between the two bones of the pubis. pubis noun (plural pubes) the pubic bone; the part of the hipbone forming the front arch of the pelvis pudendum noun (plural pudenda) (anatomy) The external genital organs in humans, especially of a woman. Usually used in the plural. pug noun A small dog of an ancient breed originating in China, having a snub nose, wrinkled face, squarish body, short smooth hair, and curled tail. pulmonary adjective Pertaining to, having, or affecting the lungs. pulmonary vein noun (anatomy): In tetrapods, the vein that returns blood to the heart after it has circulated through the lungs. pylorus noun (plural pylori) (anatomy) The opening in a vertebrate, including humans, at the lower end of the stomach that opens into the duodenum. A muscular or myovascular structure that controls the opening of an orifice or lumen of an organ.

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